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Table of Contents
Microbiota
Diversifying the Microbiota
Can treat SIBO:
Can treat Diabetes:
… The modulation and targeting of the intestinal microbiota in the treatment of T2DM is a relatively new concept of primary scientific interest propelling research in this field not only in the prevention and control of diabetes and obesity but also of other pathologies.
Table of effects for herbs (see pdf)
… In recent studies, Rhodiola rosea has gained attention for its potential effects on diabetes, specifically its interaction with the gut microbiome. Salidroside, one of its bioactive molecules, has been shown to significantly impact glucose and insulin tolerance in obese mice. The compound aids in preventing hyperglycemia and enhances insulin signaling.
… Several Herbal Medicines (HMs), such as Scutellaria Radix and Coptidis, were noted for their anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Importantly, their therapeutic effects appear to be mediated by interactions with gut microbiota. The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a crucial mediator in the pathogenesis of T2DM, particularly through its influence on short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, which impacts metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance. … Our review identifies a clear gap in the regulatory approval of HMs for treating T2DM, pointing to an urgent need for standardized clinical trials. Moreover, the existing studies have largely focused on the therapeutic impact of individual HMs, leaving the interactive effects of multiple herbs largely unexplored.
… Gut microbiota may be essential in the etiology of diabetes mellitus, according to an increasing body of research. … Controlling the gut microbiome, however, may be a viable treatment for type 2 diabetes, according to a better knowledge of the disease’s root causes. In treating type 2 diabetes, the analogs of plants, particularly therapeutic and functional foods, are of great interest, because they may be given orally, are effective, non-toxic, and have few adverse effects. … Gut Microbiota Targeted Approach by Natural Products in Diabetes Management: An Overview, Sati et al 2024 (pdf)
Synthesized Vectors:
- Rebyota™ (RBX2660) – A standardized fecal-derived product (FDA-approved) that contains a consortium of beneficial bacteria for C. difficile infections.
- SER-109 – A purified, spore-based microbiome therapy (from donor-derived Firmicutes spores) aimed at preventing recurrent C. difficile infections.
- Lactobacillus spp. Suppositories – Some studies have tested Lactobacillus species, such as L. crispatus, L. gasseri, and L. rhamnosus, as vaginal and rectal suppositories to help restore microbiome balance.
- Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 – This probiotic strain has been studied for its potential use in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and infections.
Harm Caused by Medicine
The microbiota in the animal gut is susceptible to a variety of conditions:
Transient osmotic perturbation causes long-term alteration to the gut microbiota, Tropini et al 2018
Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health, Patangia et al 2022
Bactrim (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) is a combination antibiotic. Is there a danger of making the gut microbiota less diverse? That would be detrimental to health in the long term.
Impact of Long-Term Low Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Gut Microbiota in Children, Akagawa et al 2020. Sci-hub doesn't have this article and I don't know what exactly is “low dose” or “long term”.
Bacteria in Probiotics Are Not Adapted to Living in a Human Digestive System
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/73/2/399s/4737569
“ Should it become desirable to permanently colonize the human intestinal tract with an exogenous probiotic, it is reasonable to suggest that a human-specific probiotic with potent intestinal mucosal cell adhesion properties be chosen. Selection of such strains on the basis of this criterion may be insufficient. It may be necessary to culture surgical or biopsy specimens to select suitable probiotic strains. “
” An ideal probiotic would be one that can survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract, [and] establish itself permanently in the small intestine and colon… ”
Many probiotics do survive stomach acid, and the bile salts of the small intestine, they just don't adhere to the mucosal lining of the large intestine, to take up residence with the existing bacteria. I imagine this is true of all existing probiotics on the market? Would a company sell a probiotic that only needs to be taken once?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3337120/
Germ free mice, fed all 10 strains of *human* bacteria, did not retain all 10 strains, rather at most 3. I guess because bacteria compete with each other. The best method they found to successfully build up the full array of bacteria, was to feed individual germ free mice a single bacteria, and then mix the mice together in the same cage (since like dogs, they eat each other's poop). The idea is, that the individual human gut bacteria needed to first adapt to living in the mice. Once adapted, they could easily gain hold in other mice as well.
“ Moreover, GF animals introduced to these isolators on day 56 of the study, quickly acquired a similar bacterial community to that of the donor animals, suggesting that the transferred microbial community had achieved a significant level of stability and adaptation to the host gut environment. “
So, once the bacteria had adapted/evolved to live in mice, then they could all settle in to a new mouse, all at once, unlike before, where at mot 3 strains survived.
So are companies selling strains of probiotics that are good at colonizing a human gut? Would that be a good monetary investment for the medical industry?
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health/microbiota.txt · Last modified: 2025/04/14 00:39 by marcos
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